By far, the best known outdoor equipment list is the so called list of Ten Essentials. Adventures Around The World recommends the list highly and even though you may not use all the backpacking ten essentials every day, they can be life savers in an emergency.
The Ten Essentials, along with helpful notes, are listed below. This list is a good starting point, but you should add to the list depending on circumstances like where you are going and what you will be doing.
Suggestions for additional items are included at the end of the list.
1. Map - A map not only tells you where you are and how far you have to go, it can help you find campsites, water, and an emergency exit route in case of an accident.
2. Compass - A compass can help you find your way through unfamiliar terrain—especially in bad weather where you can't see the landmarks.
3. Water - Without enough water, your body's muscles and organs simply can't perform as well: You'll be susceptible to hypothermia and altitude sickness. You’ll also be thirsty as hell.
4. Extra Food - Any number of things could keep you out longer than expected: a lengthy detour, getting lost, an injury, difficult terrain. Energy bars or trail mix is recommended.
5. Rain Gear and extra clothing - Because the weatherman is not always right. Always bring along extra layers. Two rules: Avoid cotton (it keeps moisture close to your skin), and always carry a hat.
6. Fire starter and matches - The warmth of a fire and a hot drink can help prevent an encounter with hypothermia. Fires are also a great way to signal for help if you get lost.
7. First aid kit - Prepackaged first aid kits for hikers are available at outfitters. Double your effectiveness with knowledge: Take a basic first aid class with the American Red Cross or a Wilderness First Aid class, offered by many hiking organizations.
8. Army knife or multi-purpose tool - These enable you to cut strips of cloth into bandages, remove splinters, fix broken eyeglasses, and perform a whole host of repairs on malfunctioning gear—not to mention cut cheese and open cans.
9. Flashlight and extra batteries - For finding your way in the dark and signaling for help.
10. Sun screen and sun glasses - Especially above treeline when there is a skin-scorching combination of sun and snow, you'll need sunglasses to prevent snow blindness, and sunscreen to prevent sunburn.
Additional recommended essentials:
Toilet Paper, Insect Repellent, Duct Tape, 50 Ft. Nylon Cord, Signal Mirror, Whistle
